查看路径挂载在哪个磁盘下
# df -h再加上路径
$ df -h /tmp
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sde2 439G 21G 395G 6% /
check disk info
$ lsblk -f
NAME FSTYPE LABEL UUID MOUNTPOINT
sda
├─sda1 vfat 12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789012 /
format disk to another file system
for example, format from vfat to exfat(exfat is better for large files):
-
install exfat-utils
# ubuntu 18 or 20 sudo apt install exfat-utils # ubuntu > 20 sudo apt install exfatprogs
-
unmount the disk
sudo umount /dev/sda1
-
format the disk
sudo mkfs.ext4 -L rino /dev/sda1
format a new disk
if a disk is new, and could only be seen by ‘lsvlk’, we need to create a partition and format it.
-
create a partition
sudo parted /dev/sda
then in the parted shell:
mklabel gpt mkpart primary ext4 0% 100% quit
-
format the partition
sudo mkfs.exfat /dev/sda1
or
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
use
-L
to add a labelsudo mkfs.ext4 -L rino /dev/sda1
monitor disk
we can use iostat
to monitor the disk usage
iostat -x 5
iostat -dx 1
iostat -dx /dev/sdd 1
and we can use iotop
to monitor the disk usage by process
sudo iotop