Linux disk

查看路径挂载在哪个磁盘下

  # df -h再加上路径
  $ df -h /tmp
    Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/sde2       439G   21G  395G   6% /

check disk info

  $ lsblk -f
  NAME   FSTYPE LABEL UUID                                 MOUNTPOINT
  sda
    ├─sda1 vfat         12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789012 /

format disk to another file system

for example, format from vfat to exfat(exfat is better for large files):

  1. install exfat-utils

    # ubuntu 18 or 20
sudo apt install exfat-utils
# ubuntu > 20
sudo apt install exfatprogs

  2. unmount the disk

    sudo umount /dev/sda1

  3. format the disk

    sudo mkfs.ext4 -L rino /dev/sda1

format a new disk

if a disk is new, and could only be seen by ‘lsvlk’, we need to create a partition and format it.

  1. create a partition

     sudo parted /dev/sda

    then in the parted shell:

     mklabel gpt
 mkpart primary ext4 0% 100%
 quit

  2. format the partition

     sudo mkfs.exfat /dev/sda1

    or

     sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1

    use -L to add a label

     sudo mkfs.ext4 -L rino /dev/sda1

monitor disk

we can use iostat to monitor the disk usage

iostat -x 5
iostat -dx 1
iostat -dx /dev/sdd 1

and we can use iotop to monitor the disk usage by process

sudo iotop